Navajo Christian Worship and Music: The Struggle for Cultural Relevance
by
Terry L. Baldridge

M.A. in Ethnomusicology, Crown College, 2000

Abstract
Missionary efforts among the Navajo have largely been synonymous with efforts to civilize these people perceived as heathen. In the process they have been taught to live, act, and worship like Anglos. The purpose of this study is to see if the Navajo have simply copied the worship and music styles of the Anglos or if they have been able to develop an indigenous form of Christianity which expresses who they are as Navajo.

A brief history of Navajo interaction with outside groups is presented to gain a more accurate understanding and perspective of the present-day situation on the Reservation. Navajo culture and the gospel message are also examined for core elements which might be antagonistic or compatible.

Style characteristics of Navajo traditional chant as well as the country music and southern gospel music heard on the Reservation today are examined to gain an understanding of the musical preferences of the people. The Navajo language, a tonal language, requires special considerations when set to music. This aspect is investigated to determine the appropriateness of certain musical styles for use with the language.

Navajo Christian services and music are studied to see what changes have taken place and to observe which elements reflect their culture. Navajo Christianity appears to be on the verge of revival which will assist the people in re-claiming their culture for use in worship.